Select languages to compare:

Use base consonants only
View positions
Labial
Coronal
Dorsal
Radical
Laryngeal
Bilabial
Labio-dental
Dental
Alveolar
Palato-alveolar
Retroflex
Palatal
Velar
Uvular
Pharyngeal
Epi-glottal
Glottal
Plosive
 p   pʰ             t   tʰ                 k   kʰ        
 
 
 
 
  
 
Affricates
             ts   tsʰ         ʈʂ   ʈʂʰ     cç   cçʰ            
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nasal
   m             n                 ŋ      
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trill
                            
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
Tap, Flap
                                                
Lateral flap
 
 
 
 
                    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fricative
     f         s         ʂ     ɕ         χ                
Lateral fricative
 
 
 
 
                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
Approximant
                       ɻ     j   ɥ     w                  
Lateral approximant
 
 
 
 
       l                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Front
Near-front
Central
Near-back
Back
 
Close
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
 
Front
Near-front
Central
Near-back
Back
 
Close
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
Use base consonants only

      CC, onset

      CC, onset (ordered by sonority)

      CC, coda

      CC, coda (ordered by sonority)

      CCC, onset

      CCC, onset (ordered by sonority)

      CCC, coda

      CCC, coda (ordered by sonority)

      CCCC, onset

      CCCC, onset (ordered by sonority)

      CCCC, coda

      CCCC, coda (ordered by sonority)

      CCCCC, onset

      CCCCC, onset (ordered by sonority)

      CCCCC, coda

      CCCCC, coda (ordered by sonority)

Selected languages: Mandarin
UPSID number: 2500
Alternate name(s): N/A
Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic
The languages has 42 segments
Frequency index: N/A
Sounds: [pʰ] [p] [tʰ] [t] [kʰ] [k] [ʂ] [ɕ] [f] [χ] [ʈʂʰ] [ʈʂ] [cçʰ] [cç] [ts] [ɥ] [w] [j] [m] [n] [ŋ] [y] [i] [u] [ɤ̟] [ɚ] [i̤ä̤] [ä] [s] [ie] [uä] [ɻ] [uo̞] [ye] [uə] [iu] [ei] [äu] [ai] [o̞u] [l] [tsʰ]
Comments:

Mandarin is spoken in all of north of Changjiang
River, a belt south of the Changjian from Qiujiang
(Jiangxi) to Zhenjiang (jiangsu), Hubei except the
southeastern corner Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, the
northwestern part of Guangxi and the northwestern corner
of Hunan.
Sources:

Chao, Y-R. 1968. A Grammar of Spoken Chinese. University
of California Press, Berkeley.

Cheng, C-C. 1973. A Synchronic Phonology of Mandarin
Chinese. Mouton, The Hague.

Dow, F.D.M. 1972. An Outline of Mandarin Phonetics.
Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University,
Canberra.

(Hanyu Fangyan Gaiyao) 1960. [Outline of Chinese
Dialects]. Wenzi Gaige Chubanshe, Beijing.

Karllgren, B. 1915-26. Etudes sur la phonologie Chinoise.
Archives d'Etudes Orientales 15: 294-297.