Use base consonants only
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Labial
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Coronal
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Dorsal
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Radical
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Laryngeal
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Bilabial
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Labio-dental
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palato-alveolar
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Retroflex
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Palatal
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Velar
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Uvular
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Pharyngeal
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Epi-glottal
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Glottal
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Plosive
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p | *t t | k |
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ʔ |
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Affricates
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tʃ |
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Sibilant affricates
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*ts |
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Nasal
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m | *n |
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Trill
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Tap, Flap
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Lateral flap
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R-sounds
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*R |
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Fricative
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Lateral fricative
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Approximant
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Lateral approximant
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Near-back |
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Open |
Selected languages: | Panare |
UPSID number: | 6849 |
Alternate name(s): | N/A |
Classification: | S. American, Macro-Carib |
The languages has | 25 segments |
Frequency index: | N/A |
Sounds: | [p] [*t] [t̠] [k] [ʔ] [*ts] [tʃ] [*R] [w] [j] [m] [*n] [ĩ] [ũ] [ẽ̞] [ə̃] [õ] [ä̃] [i] [u] [ɯ] [e̞] [o̞] [ɤ̞] [ä] |
Comments: | Panare is spoken in Bolivar state, Venezuela. Cauty's description of this language is problematical in several respects. Phonetic syllable-final fricatives are treated as allophones of glottal stop since they alternate with ? but it is not clear whether ? is the product of neutralization or if the fricative quality can be predicted from other environmental features. Nasalized vowels vary with syllables with a final nasal. |
Sources: | Cauty, A. 1974. Los sistemas fonologicos y silabicos de la lengua Panare. Revista Colombiana de Antropologia 17: 251-254. Cauty, A. 1974. Un criterio de decision sobre la presencia de la oclusiva glotal en el idioma Panare. Revista Colombiana de Antropologia 17: 255-258. Cauty, A. 1978. An approach to the phonological and syllabic systems of the Panare language. Summer Institute in Linguistics, Amerindia Series 3: 85-103. |