Use base consonants only
|
View positions
|
Labial
|
Coronal
|
Dorsal
|
Radical
|
Laryngeal
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Bilabial
|
Labio-dental
|
Dental
|
Alveolar
|
Palato-alveolar
|
Retroflex
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Uvular
|
Pharyngeal
|
Epi-glottal
|
Glottal
|
|||||||||||||
|
Plosive
|
p | *t t | k |
|
|
|
|
ʔ |
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Affricates
|
tʃ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Sibilant affricates
|
*ts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Nasal
|
m | *n |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Trill
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Tap, Flap
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lateral flap
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
R-sounds
|
*R |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Fricative
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lateral fricative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
|
Approximant
|
j | w | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lateral approximant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
|||
Close |
|||||||
Near-close | |||||||
Close-mid | |||||||
Mid | |||||||
Open-mid | |||||||
Near-open | |||||||
Open | |||||||
| Selected languages: | Panare |
| UPSID number: | 6849 |
| Alternate name(s): | N/A |
| Classification: | S. American, Macro-Carib |
| The languages has | 25 segments |
| Frequency index: | N/A |
| Sounds: | [p] [*t] [t̠] [k] [ʔ] [*ts] [tʃ] [*R] [w] [j] [m] [*n] [ĩ] [ũ] [ẽ̞] [ə̃] [õ] [ä̃] [i] [u] [ɯ] [e̞] [o̞] [ɤ̞] [ä] |
| Comments: | Panare is spoken in Bolivar state, Venezuela. Cauty's description of this language is problematical in several respects. Phonetic syllable-final fricatives are treated as allophones of glottal stop since they alternate with ? but it is not clear whether ? is the product of neutralization or if the fricative quality can be predicted from other environmental features. Nasalized vowels vary with syllables with a final nasal. |
| Sources: | Cauty, A. 1974. Los sistemas fonologicos y silabicos de la lengua Panare. Revista Colombiana de Antropologia 17: 251-254. Cauty, A. 1974. Un criterio de decision sobre la presencia de la oclusiva glotal en el idioma Panare. Revista Colombiana de Antropologia 17: 255-258. Cauty, A. 1978. An approach to the phonological and syllabic systems of the Panare language. Summer Institute in Linguistics, Amerindia Series 3: 85-103. |