Use base consonants only
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View positions
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Labial
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Coronal
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Dorsal
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Radical
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Laryngeal
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Bilabial
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Labio-dental
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palato-alveolar
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Retroflex
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Palatal
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Velar
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Uvular
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Pharyngeal
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Epi-glottal
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Glottal
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Plosive
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p | t | c | kʷ | q qʷ |
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ʔ |
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Ejective stops
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pʼ | t̪ʼ | cʼ | kʷʼ | qʷʼ qʼ |
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Affricates
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ts |
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Ejective affricates
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*tɬʼ tsʼ |
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Nasal
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m | n |
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Trill
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Tap, Flap
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Lateral flap
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Fricative
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s | ç | xʷ | χ χʷ | h | |||||||||||||||||||
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Lateral fricative
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*ɬ |
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Approximant
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j | w | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Lateral approximant
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*l |
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Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
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| Selected languages: | Bella coola |
| UPSID number: | 6771 |
| Alternate name(s): | N/A |
| Classification: | N. American, Almosan |
| The languages has | 31 segments |
| Frequency index: | N/A |
| Sounds: | [p] [t̪] [c] [kʷ] [qʷ] [q] [ʔ] [pʼ] [t̪ʼ] [cʼ] [kʷʼ] [qʷʼ] [qʼ] [*ɬ] [s] [ç] [xʷ] [χʷ] [χ] [ts] [*tɬʼ] [tsʼ] [*l] [w] [j] [m] [n̪] [ɪ] [ʊ] [ä] [h] |
| Comments: | Bella Coola is spoken by perhaps 75 remaining fluent speakers in Bella Coola on the central coast of British Columbia. Reduplication rules that copy a single consonant clarify that the ejectives and affricates listed are not clusters. High vowels alternate with /w,j/. Syllabic instances of /m,n,l/ (phonetically shwa before sonorant) are largely predictable from phonological and morphological context. |
| Sources: | Nater, H.F. 1984. The Bella Coola Language. National Museum of Man Mercury Series, Canadian Ethnology Service Paper No. 92. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa. Newman, S. 1947. Bella Coola I: Phonology. International Journal of American Linguistics 13/3: 129-134. |