Select languages to compare:

Use base consonants only
Labial
Coronal
Dorsal
Radical
Laryngeal
Bilabial
Labio-dental
Dental
Alveolar
Palato-alveolar
Retroflex
Palatal
Velar
Uvular
Pharyngeal
Epi-glottal
Glottal
Plosive
 p b         t d             k k͡p ɡ ɡ͡b    
 
 
 
 
  
 
Implosives
   ɓ                                
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nasal
   m           n                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trill
                            
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
Tap, Flap
               ɾ                                
Lateral flap
 
 
 
 
                    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fricative
     f v     s z                             h  
Lateral fricative
 
 
 
 
                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
Approximant
                           j   w                
Lateral approximant
 
 
 
 
       l                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Front
Near-front
Central
Near-back
Back
 
Close
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
Selected languages: Gwari
UPSID number: 4140
Alternate name(s): N/A
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian, Kwa
The languages has 26 segments
Frequency index: N/A
Sounds: [k͡p] [ɡ͡b] [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [ɡ] [ɓ] [s] [z] [f] [v] [ɾ] [l] [w] [j] [m] [n] [ĩ] [i] [u] [e̞] [o̞] [ä] [h]
Comments: Gwari has 3 level tones. Hyman and Magaji note that "one distinctive characteristic of all Gwari dialects is the presence of consonant + nasal clusters". An alternative would be to posit 3 nasalized vowels, but H & M's analysis is accepted here, since C + N + /a/ is realized as consonant + nasal release + oral vowel [a]. High vowels /i,u/ after C + N are phonetically nasalized, and C + N + /i/ only has a phonetic nasal consonant segment if C is bilabial or velar. A loose end is a grammatical particle (orthographic 'in') which is a nasalized vowel only. /t,d,s,z/ are palato-alveolar affricates and fricatives before front vowels or /j/. /n/ is palatal before /j/ and velar before /w/.
Sources: Hyman, L. and Magaji, D. 1970. Essentials of Gwari Grammar. Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, Occasional Publication No. 27.