Use base consonants only
View positions
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Labial
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Coronal
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Dorsal
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Radical
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Laryngeal
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Bilabial
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Labio-dental
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palato-alveolar
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Retroflex
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Palatal
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Velar
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Uvular
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Pharyngeal
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Epi-glottal
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Glottal
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Plosive
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p | b | t | d | k | ɡ |
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ʔ |
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Affricates
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tʃ |
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Nasal
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m | n | ŋ |
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Trill
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Tap, Flap
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Lateral flap
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Fricative
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Lateral fricative
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Approximant
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Lateral approximant
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l |
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Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
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Near-open | |||||||
Open |
Use base consonants only
CC, onset
CC, onset (ordered by sonority)
CC, coda
CC, coda (ordered by sonority)
CCC, onset
CCC, onset (ordered by sonority)
CCC, coda
CCC, coda (ordered by sonority)
CCCC, onset
CCCC, onset (ordered by sonority)
CCCC, coda
CCCC, coda (ordered by sonority)
CCCCC, onset
CCCCC, onset (ordered by sonority)
CCCCC, coda
CCCCC, coda (ordered by sonority)
Selected languages: | Tagalog |
UPSID number: | 2414 |
Alternate name(s): | N/A |
Classification: | Austro-Tai, W. Malayo-Polynesian |
The languages has | 23 segments |
Frequency index: | N/A |
Sounds: | [p] [b] [t̪] [d̪] [k] [ɡ] [ʔ] [s] [f] [tʃ] [ɾ] [l] [w] [j] [m] [n̪] [ŋ] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e̞] [o̞] [ä] [h] |
Comments: | Tagalog is spoken in Manila, most of Luzon and Mindoro in the Philipines. /o/ and /e/ were in predictable alternation with /i/ and /u/ in native vocabulary but loanwords from Spanish and English have added contrastive function to the mid vowels. OLAF HUSBY (L1-L2map EDITOR): The classification of /f/ as a phoneme is disputable. Schachter, who is quoted below, omits /f/ in his review of Tagalog in Comrie (1987) The World's Major Languages. There is also different approaches to descriptions of diphthongs. As /j/ and /w/ as classified at semivowels, they are not used to described diphthongs (defines as vowel + vowel). However, semivowel+vowel clusters as /ij/, /ej/, /aj/, /oj/, /uj/, /aw, /iw/ are attested. |
Sources: | Bloomfield, L. 1917. Tagalog Texts with Grammatical Analysis (University of Illinois Studies in Language and Literature 3/2-3). University of Illinois, Urbana. Schachter, P. and Otanes, F.T. 1972. Tagalog Reference Grammar. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles. |