Use base consonants only
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View positions
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Labial
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Coronal
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Dorsal
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Radical
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Laryngeal
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Bilabial
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Labio-dental
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palato-alveolar
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Retroflex
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Palatal
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Velar
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Uvular
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Pharyngeal
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Epi-glottal
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Glottal
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Plosive
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*tʰ | *d | kʰ | ɡ ɡʷ | qʰ | ɢ |
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ʔ |
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Ejective stops
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*tʼ | kʼ | qʼ |
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Affricates
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tʃʰ | dʒ |
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Sibilant affricates
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*tsʰ | *dz |
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Lateral affricates
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*tɬʰ | *dɬ |
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Ejective affricates
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*tsʼ *tɬʼ | tʃʼ |
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Nasal
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m | *n |
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Trill
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Tap, Flap
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Lateral flap
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Fricative
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ʃ | x xʷ | χ | h | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Sibilant fricatives
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*s |
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Lateral fricative
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*ɬ |
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Approximant
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j | w | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Lateral approximant
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*l |
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Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
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Open | |||||||
| Selected languages: | Eyak |
| UPSID number: | 6109 |
| Alternate name(s): | N/A |
| Classification: | Na-Dene, Eyak |
| The languages has | 45 segments |
| Frequency index: | N/A |
| Sounds: | [*tʰ] [*d] [ɡʷ] [kʰ] [ɡ] [qʰ] [ɢ] [ʔ] [*tʼ] [kʼ] [qʼ] [*ɬ] [*s] [ʃ] [xʷ] [x] [χ] [*tɬʰ] [*dɬ] [*tsʰ] [*dz] [tʃʰ] [dʒ] [*tɬʼ] [*tsʼ] [tʃʼ] [*l] [w] [j] [m] [*n] [ĩː] [ĩ] [ũː] [ũ] [ɑ̃ː] [ɑ̃] [iː] [i] [uː] [u] [ɛː] [ɛ] [ɑː] [h] |
| Comments: | Krauss (1965) reported that there were "3 persons capable of serving adequately as informants for Eyak". Apart from loanwords /m,n/ "could be interpreted as w and l respectively, followed by a nasalized vowel". Short oral vowels are often in free variation, the non-high vowel variation being obscurely described. Krauss includes 'aspiration' and 'glottalization' of vowels as modifications similar to length and nasalization. Since there are consonants /h,?/, and verb stems in -V:? ("long glottalized nucleus") seem to count as closed, these are interpreted as postvocalic -h and -?. |
| Sources: | Krauss, M.E. 1965. Eyak: a preliminary report. Canadian Journal of Linguistics/RCL 10:2,3: 167-187. |