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Use base consonants only
View positions
Labial
Coronal
Dorsal
Radical
Laryngeal
Bilabial
Labio-dental
Dental
Alveolar
Palato-alveolar
Retroflex
Palatal
Velar
Uvular
Pharyngeal
Epi-glottal
Glottal
Plosive
p ⁿb         t ⁿd ⁿd̠         k ⁿɡ    
 
 
 
 
ʔ
 
Affricates
            ts                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nasal
  m           n                  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trill
              r            
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
Tap, Flap
              ɾ                                
Lateral flap
 
 
 
 
                   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fricative
  β         s   ʃ                           h  
Lateral fricative
 
 
 
 
                           
 
 
 
 
 
 
Approximant
                          j   w                
Lateral approximant
 
 
 
 
      l                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Front
Near-front
Central
Near-back
Back
 
Close
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
Selected languages: Amuzgo
UPSID number: 6770
Alternate name(s): N/A
Classification: N. American, Oto-Manguean
The languages has 37 segments
Frequency index: N/A
Sounds:
Comments:

Amuzgo contrasts ballistic and controlled
syllables. Ballistic syllables have sharply falling pitch
and amplitude contours. It also has three level tones and
high-low, mid-high and low-mid contour tones. The
prenasalized stops are described as occluded
(post-stopped) nasals with a "lenis" homorganic stop.
They contrast with nasal + stop sequences. A possible
analysis (not among those suggested by Bauernschmidt) is
to treat these as allophones of the plain nasals before
oral vowels since the oral/nasalized vowel contrast is
neutralized after a nasal. This would mean that a velar
nasal would only occur before an oral vowel, so it is not
accepted here. Bilabials and t,n are described as
velarized.

Sources:

Bauernschmidt, A. 1965. Amuzgo syllable dynamics. Language
41: 471-483.

Longacre, R.E. 1966. On linguistic affinities of Amuzgo.
International Journal of American Linguistics 32: 46-49.