Use base consonants only
|
View positions
|
Labial
|
Coronal
|
Dorsal
|
Radical
|
Laryngeal
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Bilabial
|
Labio-dental
|
Dental
|
Alveolar
|
Palato-alveolar
|
Retroflex
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Uvular
|
Pharyngeal
|
Epi-glottal
|
Glottal
|
|||||||||||||
|
Plosive
|
p | b | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | k | ɡ |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
|
Affricates
|
tʃ | dʒ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Nasal
|
m | n | ɳ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Trill
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Tap, Flap
|
ɾ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lateral flap
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Fricative
|
s | h | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Sibilant fricatives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Lateral fricative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
|
Approximant
|
ʋ | j | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lateral approximant
|
|
|
|
|
l |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
|||
Close |
|||||||
Near-close | |||||||
Close-mid | |||||||
Mid | |||||||
Open-mid | |||||||
Near-open | |||||||
Open | |||||||
| Selected languages: | Koya |
| UPSID number: | 2905 |
| Alternate name(s): | N/A |
| Classification: | Dravidian, Dravidian |
| The languages has | 24 segments |
| Frequency index: | N/A |
| Sounds: | [p] [b] [t̪] [d̪] [ʈ] [ɖ] [k] [ɡ] [s̪] [tʃ] [dʒ] [ɾ] [l] [ʋ] [j] [m] [n] [ɳ] [i] [u] [e] [ɐ] [ɑ] [h] |
| Comments: | Gommu dialect. All consonants except /h/ occur geminate and all vowels appear long and short. The retroflex consonants are not the sublaminal type found most commonly in Dravidian languages but are apical postalveolar. Tyler's vowel descriptions seem sometimes at variance with the choice of symbols for transcription: the low back vowel might be rounded. |
| Sources: | Tyler, S.A. 1969. Koya: an outline grammar. University of California Publications in Linguistics, 54. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles. |