Use base consonants only
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View positions
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Labial
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Coronal
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Dorsal
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Radical
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Laryngeal
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Bilabial
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Labio-dental
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palato-alveolar
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Retroflex
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Palatal
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Velar
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Uvular
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Pharyngeal
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Epi-glottal
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Glottal
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Plosive
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p pʰ | t tʰ | k kʰ |
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Sibilant affricates
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*ts *tsʰ |
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Nasal
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m | n | ŋ |
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Trill
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Tap, Flap
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Lateral flap
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Fricative
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f | v | z | x | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Sibilant fricatives
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*s |
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Lateral fricative
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Approximant
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Lateral approximant
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l |
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Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
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| Selected languages: | Bai |
| UPSID number: | 2506 |
| Alternate name(s): | N/A |
| Classification: | Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic |
| The languages has | 29 segments |
| Frequency index: | N/A |
| Sounds: | [pʰ] [p] [t̪ʰ] [t̪] [kʰ] [k] [*ɯ] [z̪] [*s] [f] [v] [x] [*tsʰ] [*ts] [l̪] [j] [m] [n̪] [ŋ] [i] [u] [ɯ] [e] [ɵ] [o] [ɛ] [ɞ] [ɔ] [ä] |
| Comments: | Bai is spoken primarily in the Dali Bai autonomous county in western Yunnan, China. Dell (1981) notes 8 tones: high, mid and low level, high falling and low falling, mid rising and low fall-rise -- the 8th tone is very high with a final glottal stop which shortens the vowel. Since no initial glottal stops occur this feature is analyzed as part of an extra high tone. There are no final consonants. /j,w/ can appear after some consonants, as well as initially. /w/ has a labial-palatal variant before /i/. The labio-dental fricative vowel does not occur after bilabials. |
| Sources: | Dell, F. 1981. La Langue Bai: Phonologie et Lexique. Etudes Linguistiques No. 2, Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris. |