Use base consonants only
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View positions
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Labial
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Coronal
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Dorsal
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Radical
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Laryngeal
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Bilabial
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Labio-dental
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palato-alveolar
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Retroflex
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Palatal
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Velar
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Uvular
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Pharyngeal
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Epi-glottal
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Glottal
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Plosive
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pʰ | b | tʰ | d | kʰ | ɡ | qʰ |
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ʔ |
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Ejective stops
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pʼ | tʼ | kʼ | qʼ |
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Affricates
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dz | tʃʰ | dʒ |
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Sibilant affricates
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t̪s̪ʰ |
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Ejective affricates
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t̪s̪ʼ | tʃʼ |
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Nasal
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m | n |
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Trill
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r |
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Tap, Flap
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Lateral flap
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Fricative
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ɸ | β | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | χ | ʁ | ħ | h | ||||||||||||||
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Sibilant fricatives
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Lateral fricative
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ɬ |
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Approximant
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j | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Lateral approximant
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l |
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Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
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Open | |||||||
| Selected languages: | Bats |
| UPSID number: | 2604 |
| Alternate name(s): | N/A |
| Classification: | Caucasian, Caucasian |
| The languages has | 45 segments |
| Frequency index: | N/A |
| Sounds: | [99] [pʰ] [b] [t̪ʰ] [d̪] [kʰ] [ɡ] [qʰ] [ʔ] [pʼ] [tʼ] [kʼ] [qʼ] [ɬ] [s̪] [z̪] [ʃ] [ʒ] [ɸ] [β] [χ] [ʁ] [ħ] [t̪s̪ʰ] [d̪z̪] [tʃʰ] [dʒ] [t̪s̪ʼ] [tʃʼ] [r] [l] [j] [m] [n] [ĩ] [ũ] [ẽ] [õ] [ɑ̃] [i] [u] [o] [ɛ] [ɑ] [h] |
| Comments: | Bats is spoken in the Akhmetsk region of northern Georgia, USSR. Nasalized vowels only occur in a few inflectional endings but contrast with vowel + nasal. Desheriev (1953) also notes 3 long vowels but at least some examples are clearly just juxtapositions of two separate vowels. Similarly the diphthongs he reports seem to be a sequence of two adjacent vowels. Especially restricted are the "nasalized diphthongs" which all end in nasalized 'i' and occur only in inflectional endings. |
| Sources: | Desheriev, J.D. 1953. Batsbijskij Jazyk. Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow. |