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Labial
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Coronal
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Dorsal
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Radical
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Laryngeal
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Bilabial
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Labio-dental
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palato-alveolar
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Retroflex
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Palatal
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Velar
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Uvular
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Pharyngeal
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Epi-glottal
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Glottal
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Plosive
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p pʰ pʲ pʲʰ | b bʲ bʲ̤ b̤ | *t *tʰ | *d *d̤ | k kʰ kʷ kʷʰ | ɡ ɡʱ ɡʷ ɡʷ̤ |
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Implosives
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ɓ̥ | ɓ | ɗ̥ |
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Affricates
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tʃʰ | dʒ tʃ̤ |
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Nasal
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m | *n | ɲ | ŋ ŋ͡m |
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Trill
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Tap, Flap
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Lateral flap
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Fricative
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f | v | *z | ɣ | h hʷ | |||||||||||||||||||
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Sibilant fricatives
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*s |
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Lateral fricative
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Approximant
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j | w | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Lateral approximant
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*l |
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Front |
Near-front |
Central |
Near-back |
Back |
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Open | |||||||
| Selected languages: | Igbo |
| UPSID number: | 4116 |
| Alternate name(s): | N/A |
| Classification: | Niger-Kordofanian, Kwa |
| The languages has | 59 segments |
| Frequency index: | N/A |
| Sounds: | [pʲʰ] [pʲ] [bʲ̤] [bʲ] [pʰ] [p] [b̤] [b] [*tʰ] [*t] [*d̤] [*d] [kʷʰ] [kʷ] [ɡʷ̤] [ɡʷ] [kʰ] [k] [ɡʱ] [ɡ] [ɓ̥] [ɓ] [ɗ̥] [*s] [*z] [f] [v] [ɣ] [tʃʰ] [tʃ̤] [dʒ] [*ɾʲ] [*ɾ] [*l] [w] [j] [ŋ͡m] [m] [*n] [ɲ] [ŋ] [ĩ] [ʊ̃] [ũ] [ẽ] [õ] [ɛ̃] [ɔ̃] [ä̃] [i] [ʊ] [u] [e] [o] [ɛ] [ɔ] [ä] [hʷ] [h] |
| Comments: | |
| Sources: | Carnochan, J. 1948. A study on the phonology of an Igbo Ladefoged, P. 1964. A Phonetic Study of Western African Ladefoged, P. 1976. The stops of Owerri Igbo. Studies in Swift, L.B., Ahaghota, A., and Ugorji, E. 1962. Igbo Basic Ward, I.C. 1935. An Introduction to the Igbo Language. W. Williamson, K. 1969. Igbo. In E. Dunstan (ed.), Twelve |