Kaingang is spoken in Parana state, Brazil. The
series given here as prenasalized stops are pronounced as
such in (1) word-medial syllable-initial position unless a
nasalized vowel precedes, and (2) in syllable-final
position unless a nasalized vowel precedes. In these
positions with a preceding nasalized vowel and
word-initially with a following nasalized vowel, simple
nasalized consonants occur. Medially between oral vowels
an oral stop onset occurs (i.e. VbmbV etc.).

Henry, J. 1935. A Kaingang text. International Journal of
American Linguistics 8.3-4:172-218.

Kindell, G. 1972. Kaingang phonemics. Appendix to
Wiesemann, U. 1972. Die phonologische und grammatische
Struktur der Kaingang-Sprache. Mouton: The Hague, Paris.

Wiesemann, U. 1972. Die phonologische und grammatische
Struktur der Kaingang-Sprache. Mouton: The Hague, Paris.