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Use base consonants only
View positions
Labial
Coronal
Dorsal
Radical
Laryngeal
Bilabial
Labio-dental
Dental
Alveolar
Palato-alveolar
Retroflex
Palatal
Velar
Uvular
Pharyngeal
Epi-glottal
Glottal
Plosive
p b     d̪̰                 k k͡p ɡ ɡ͡b    
 
 
 
 
ʔ
 
Affricates
            ts dz                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nasal
  m           n                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trill
              r            
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
Tap, Flap
                                               
Lateral flap
 
 
 
 
      ɺ            
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fricative
    f v     s z                             h  
Lateral fricative
 
 
 
 
                           
 
 
 
 
 
 
Approximant
                          j   w                
Lateral approximant
 
 
 
 
                           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Front
Near-front
Central
Near-back
Back
 
Close
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
Selected languages: Lugbara
UPSID number: 4215
Alternate name(s): N/A
Classification: Nilo-Saharan, C. Sudanic
The languages has 36 segments
Frequency index: N/A
Sounds:
Comments:

Lugbara has a basic two-level tone system.
Vowels divide into two vowel harmony series with the
higher of each pair (i/I etc.) belonging to one set.

Sources:

Anderson, T. 1986. Tone splitting and vowel quality:
evidence from Lugbara. Studies in African Linguistics
17:55-68.

Crazzolara, J.P. 1960. A Study of the Logvara (Ma'di)
Language. Oxford University Press, London.

Tucker, A.N. and Bryan, M.A. 1966. Linguistic Analyses:
the Non-Bantu Languages of North-Eastern Africa. Oxford
University Press for International African Institute,
London.